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FL · STUDY GUIDE

Rules of the Road

Right-of-way, speed limits, lanes and turns, highway driving, and safe-driving practice — the largest share of the real exam. All 183 questions below cite the FL Driver's Manual section they come from.

1 · TESTING PROCESS

The Class E Knowledge Exam consists of:

  • 50 multiple-choice questions on Florida traffic laws, safe driving practices, and identifying traffic controls
  • · 25 questions on signs only
  • · 100 true/false questions
  • · 20 questions plus an essay

50 multiple-choice questions covering traffic laws, safe driving practices, and traffic controls. Students under 18 may take it online.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 2 · Class E Knowledge Exam, p. 20

2 · TESTING PROCESS

The fee for RETAKING a failed Class E Knowledge Exam is:

  • $10
  • · $48
  • · $25
  • · Free

Written retests cost $10; driving skills retests cost $20. The original license fee is $48.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 1 · Other Fees, p. 15

3 · TESTING PROCESS

If you pass the vision test wearing glasses or contacts:

  • You must wear corrective lenses whenever you drive
  • · Nothing changes
  • · You retest every year
  • · You may only drive by day

Pass with lenses, drive with lenses — restriction code B. Telescopic lenses don't meet Florida's visual standards, and the minimum field of vision is 130 degrees.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 2 · Vision Screening, p. 19

4 · INSURANCE

Before registering a car, Florida's No-Fault Law requires proof of:

  • $10,000 Personal Injury Protection (PIP) AND $10,000 Property Damage Liability (PDL)
  • · $30,000/$60,000 bodily injury coverage
  • · Collision coverage only
  • · No insurance until after a crash

Minimum $10,000 PIP (covers YOUR injuries, no matter who caused the crash) and $10,000 PDL (damage you cause to others' property), from a Florida-licensed insurer, maintained continuously.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 3 · No-Fault Law, p. 23

5 · INSURANCE

"No-fault" in Florida's insurance law means:

  • Your PIP coverage pays for your own injuries regardless of who caused the crash
  • · Nobody is ever at fault in a crash
  • · Insurance is optional
  • · Only the at-fault driver's insurance ever pays

PIP covers your injuries no matter who caused the collision; PDL pays for others' property damage that you cause.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 3 · No-Fault Law, p. 23

6 · INSURANCE

If you fail to maintain required insurance, your license and plate can be suspended for up to:

  • Three years
  • · 30 days
  • · Six months
  • · One year

Up to three years — with reinstatement fees from $150 to $500. If your plate has been suspended 30+ days, an officer can seize it on the spot.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 3 · No-Fault Law, p. 23

7 · INSURANCE

After a DUI conviction, Florida requires higher insurance coverage of at least:

  • $100,000 per person / $300,000 per crash bodily injury / $50,000 property damage — for three years
  • · $10,000/$10,000
  • · $25,000/$50,000/$10,000
  • · No change from the minimums

DUI convictions trigger 100/300/50 coverage requirements, maintained for three years after the conviction.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 3 · Financial Responsibility Law, p. 24

8 · INSURANCE

Proof of insurance while driving may be carried as:

  • The Florida Insurance ID Card — paper or electronic on a smartphone
  • · A handwritten note
  • · Your word to the officer
  • · The policy bill only

Carry the insurance ID card (or electronic proof on your phone) whenever the vehicle is driven — no proof at a stop can mean a citation and even suspension.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 3 · No-Fault Law, p. 23

9 · MISCELLANEOUS LAWS

Throwing up to 15 pounds of litter from a vehicle brings:

  • A $100 fine — over 15 pounds becomes a first-degree misdemeanor with 3 points
  • · A warning
  • · Community service only
  • · Nothing if it's biodegradable

Littering from a vehicle is a crime: $100 up to 15 lbs; beyond that, a misdemeanor with fines to $1,000, 3 points, and possible roadside cleanup duty.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 3 · Littering, p. 27

10 · SCHOOL BUSES

Illegally passing a stopped school bus costs at minimum:

  • $265 — or $465 if you pass on the side where children enter and exit — plus 4 points and a required course
  • · $50 and a warning
  • · $100 flat
  • · Only points, no fine

Minimum $265 (or $465 on the loading side), four points, and a mandatory basic driver improvement course. Causing serious injury or death adds 120 hours of community service in a trauma center and six points.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 3 · Passing a Stopped School Bus, p. 27

11 · SEAT BELTS

Florida's safety belt law requires belts on:

  • All drivers, all front-seat passengers, and every passenger under 18
  • · Only the driver
  • · Front-seat occupants only
  • · Highway trips only

Driver, front-seat passengers, and everyone under 18 anywhere in the vehicle. The driver is charged for improperly restrained passengers under 18; adults 18+ get their own ticket.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 3 · Safety Belts, p. 28

12 · CHILD SAFETY

Florida law requires children under age 4 to ride in:

  • A separate car seat (child restraint device)
  • · A booster seat
  • · A regular seat belt
  • · Any rear seat

Under 4: a car seat. Ages 4–5: a car seat OR booster. Children under 13 should ride in the rear — airbags can injure or kill young children up front.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 3 · Child Passenger Safety, p. 28

13 · CHILD SAFETY

A rear-facing car seat must NEVER be placed:

  • In front of an air bag
  • · In the middle rear seat
  • · Behind the driver
  • · In a pickup truck

Never put a rear-facing seat in front of an airbag. Certified fitting stations across Florida will check your installation, usually free.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 3 · Child Passenger Safety, p. 28

14 · SPEED LIMITS

The speed limit in Florida will NEVER be higher than:

  • 70 mph
  • · 75 mph
  • · 65 mph
  • · 80 mph

70 mph is Florida's ceiling. And the "10-over buffer" is a myth — any speed over the limit can be cited.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 3 · Speeding, p. 28

15 · SPEED LIMITS

Exceeding the speed limit by more than 50 mph costs:

  • $1,000 for the first offense, $2,500 for the second
  • · $250 flat
  • · $500 maximum
  • · License revocation only

50+ over: $1,000 first offense, $2,500 second. Fines double in active school and construction zones, with possible added civil penalties and a required course.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 3 · Speeding, p. 29

16 · DUI LAWS

At the time of a DUI arrest, your license is administratively suspended if your BAL is:

  • .08 or above — or if you refuse the breath/blood test
  • · .10 or above only
  • · .15 or above
  • · Only after conviction

The suspension is immediate at arrest for .08+ or refusal — the court case comes later.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 3 · Driving Under the Influence, p. 25

17 · DUI LAWS

By signing your Florida driver license, you have agreed to:

  • Take a blood, urine, or breath test if an officer has reasonable cause to ask
  • · Automatic guilt in DUI cases
  • · Vehicle searches at any time
  • · Monthly drug testing

That's the Implied Consent Law. First refusal: automatic one-year suspension. Second refusal: 18 months AND a first-degree misdemeanor.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 3 · Implied Consent Law, p. 25

18 · DUI LAWS

Refusing a breath/blood/urine test for the FIRST time suspends your license for:

  • One year
  • · 6 months
  • · 30 days
  • · 18 months

One year automatic for a first refusal; a second refusal is 18 months and a misdemeanor. In crashes with death or serious injury, blood can be drawn with or without consent.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 3 · Implied Consent Law, p. 26

19 · DUI LAWS

A FIRST DUI conviction includes:

  • A $500–$1,000 fine, 50 hours community service, up to 6 months imprisonment, minimum 180-day revocation, and 12 hours of DUI school
  • · A $100 fine only
  • · A warning and probation
  • · Loss of license for 30 days

First DUI: fine (doubled at BAL .15+ or with a minor aboard), 50 community-service hours, probation up to a year, jail up to 6 months, revocation of at least 180 days, DUI school, addiction evaluation — and possibly an ignition interlock.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 3 · Penalties for DUI, p. 26

20 · DUI LAWS

A THIRD DUI conviction requires an ignition interlock device for at least:

  • Two continuous years
  • · Six months
  • · 30 days
  • · It's optional

Third DUI: $2,000–$5,000 fine, up to 12 months imprisonment, 180-day minimum revocation, 21 hours DUI school, and at least two continuous years with an interlock.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 3 · Penalties for DUI, p. 26

21 · DUI LAWS

A driver under 21 stopped with a BAL of .02 or higher:

  • Automatically loses driving privileges for six months
  • · Gets a warning
  • · Pays a $50 fine
  • · Is unaffected below .08

Zero tolerance: .02+ under 21 = automatic six-month suspension. At .05+, a substance abuse course is also required — and parents are notified for drivers under 19.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 3 · Zero Tolerance, p. 26

22 · DUI LAWS

Conviction for possessing, selling, or trafficking drugs (including marijuana) means your license:

  • Must be suspended
  • · Is unaffected
  • · Gets 3 points
  • · Is restricted at night

Florida law requires license suspension for drug convictions — and a car used to transport or sell drugs can be seized as contraband.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 3 · Zero Tolerance, p. 26

23 · DUI LAWS

A DUI conviction stays on your Florida driving record for:

  • 75 years
  • · 10 years
  • · 5 years
  • · Life minus nothing — it clears at renewal

75 years — effectively forever. Alcohol slows reflexes, blurs judgment (judgment goes FIRST), and no one drives safely after drinking.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 4 · Drinking & Driving, p. 35

24 · DUI LAWS

After drinking alcohol, the FIRST thing affected is your:

  • Judgment
  • · Vision
  • · Steering grip
  • · Hearing

Judgment goes first — which is exactly why people decide they're "fine to drive" when they aren't. Reflexes, reaction time, and vision follow.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 4 · Drinking & Driving, p. 35

25 · DUI LAWS

Driving while impaired by prescription or over-the-counter medication is:

  • Illegal — subject to the same penalties as alcohol impairment
  • · Legal with a prescription
  • · Legal if the label doesn't warn you
  • · A civil infraction only

Drugged driving carries the same penalties as drunk driving — allergy and cold medicines count, and mixing alcohol with medication multiplies the effects.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 4 · Drugged Driving, p. 36

26 · SAFE DRIVING

If another driver is threatening you or driving dangerously around you:

  • Stay calm, put distance between you, avoid eye contact — and call *FHP (*347) or 911 if needed
  • · Brake-check them
  • · Match their gestures
  • · Race ahead to escape

Slow down, let them pass, no eye contact, no gestures. *FHP (*347) reaches the Florida Highway Patrol.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 4 · Road Rage, p. 36

27 · DISTRACTED DRIVING

Texting while driving in Florida is:

  • Illegal — and handheld phone use is banned entirely in school crossings, school zones, and work zones
  • · Legal at red lights
  • · Legal under 25 mph
  • · A secondary offense only in school zones

Texting is illegal statewide, and in designated school crossings, school zones, and active work zones you can't use a handheld device at all.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 4 · Distracted Driving, p. 34

28 · DISTRACTED DRIVING

The three main categories of driver distraction are:

  • Visual, manual, and cognitive — texting involves all three
  • · Audio, video, and social
  • · Speed, direction, and attention
  • · Phone, food, and passengers

Visual (eyes off road), manual (hands off wheel), cognitive (mind off driving). Texting hits all three at once — that's why it's singled out.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 4 · Categories of Distraction, p. 34

29 · DROWSY DRIVING

On long trips, to avoid drowsy driving you should take a break every:

  • 100 miles or 2 hours
  • · 500 miles
  • · 6 hours
  • · Only when sleepy

Break every 100 miles or 2 hours, sleep well before traveling, use the buddy system — drowsiness slows reaction time and causes micro-sleeps.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 4 · Drowsy Driving, p. 35

30 · REGISTRATION

Florida vehicle registrations expire:

  • At midnight on the first owner's birthday (with some exceptions)
  • · December 31 for everyone
  • · On July 4
  • · Two years after purchase

Personal registrations expire at midnight on the first listed owner's birthday; mobile homes and semis renew by December 31, company vehicles by June 30. You can renew up to 90 days early.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 5 · Vehicle Registration, p. 37

31 · VEHICLE EQUIPMENT

Your horn must be audible from ___, and your low beams must show objects ___ ahead:

  • 200 feet / 150 feet
  • · 50 feet / 500 feet
  • · 500 feet / 100 feet
  • · 100 feet / 1,000 feet

Horn: 200 feet. Low beams: 150 feet (visible from 1,000). High beams show 450 feet. Brake lights must be visible from 300 feet in daytime.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 5 · Equipment Standards, p. 38

32 · VEHICLE EQUIPMENT

Which equipment is PROHIBITED on your car?

  • Red lights showing from the front, sirens, bells, or whistles
  • · Amber turn signals
  • · Two red taillights
  • · A rear-view mirror

Red front lights and blue lights belong to emergency vehicles only; sirens/bells/whistles, more than two spotlights, very loud or smoking mufflers, and windshield stickers are all banned.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 5 · Equipment NOT Permitted, p. 38

33 · VEHICLE EQUIPMENT

Tires must have a minimum tread depth of:

  • 3/32 of an inch with no ply showing
  • · 1/32 of an inch
  • · 2/32 of an inch
  • · No minimum

Florida requires at least 3/32" of tread and no worn spots showing the ply — stricter than many states.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 5 · Equipment Standards, p. 38

34 · BRAKING

In an emergency stop with four-wheel ABS, you should:

  • Press down hard, hold it, and steer out of danger — never pump or release
  • · Pump rapidly
  • · Use the parking brake
  • · Release and reapply every second

ABS pumps faster than you can: press hard, hold, steer. Removing pressure or pumping disengages it. Conventional brakes are the ones you pump when traction is lost.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 5 · Brake Systems, p. 40

35 · VEHICLE EQUIPMENT

A load extending MORE than 4 feet beyond your rear bumper must be marked in daytime with:

  • Red flags at least 18 inches square at the extremities
  • · A white towel
  • · Blue tape
  • · Nothing under 6 feet

18-inch-square red flags by day; at night (or in rain/smoke/fog), two red lamps visible 500 feet to the rear, red reflectors, and side lamps mark the load.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 5 · Projecting Loads, p. 42

36 · VEHICLE EQUIPMENT

When hauling dirt, sand, or gravel that could blow onto the roadway, you must:

  • Use a close-fitting cover over the load
  • · Drive under 30 mph
  • · Use the right lane only
  • · Nothing special

Loads must not drop, shift, leak, or escape — blowable loads require a close-fitting cover, and log/pulpwood trucks must use lock chains.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 5 · Securing the Load, p. 42

37 · BICYCLISTS

Motor vehicles may cross a bike lane:

  • Only when turning at intersections or driveways, and only when no bicyclist is in the lane
  • · Whenever traffic is slow
  • · To pass on the right
  • · Never, under any circumstances

Bike lanes are off limits for driving; cross only for turns and only when clear of bicyclists.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 6 · Bicycle Lanes, p. 45

38 · RIGHT-OF-WAY

At an ALL WAY stop, vehicles proceed:

  • In the order they arrived — ties yield to the driver on the right
  • · Largest vehicle first
  • · Left-turners first
  • · Simultaneously

First to arrive, first to go; arriving together, yield to the right.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 6 · All Way Stop, p. 47

39 · SAFE DRIVING

Red reflectors on the lane lines facing you always mean:

  • You're going the wrong way and could have a head-on collision — turn around immediately
  • · A school zone ahead
  • · The pavement is new
  • · A toll is coming

Red reflectors face wrong-way traffic only. On lane lines: you're on the wrong side. On edge lines: you're going the wrong way on a ramp. Pull over and turn around safely.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Red Reflectors on Lane Lines, p. 69

40 · SCHOOL BUSES

A SCHOOL BUS STOP AHEAD sign warns of:

  • An upcoming school bus stop that may be hidden by a curve or hill — be prepared to stop
  • · A bus depot
  • · A student parking lot
  • · A crossing guard station

The sign flags bus stops that road geometry hides — expect a stopped bus and children beyond the curve.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 6 · School Bus Stop Ahead, p. 57

41 · WORK ZONES

Channeling devices like barricades, drums, and cones in work zones:

  • Guide traffic through the site — stripes slope downward in the direction you must travel
  • · Are decorative
  • · Mark employee parking
  • · May be driven between at will

The diagonal stripes on barricades point your path: they slope down toward the side you should pass on. Flashing arrow panels give advance direction day and night.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 6 · Construction Signs & Signals, p. 54

42 · WORK ZONES

Flaggers in construction zones:

  • Stop, slow, or guide traffic — ignoring them is illegal and endangers workers
  • · Only advise truck drivers
  • · Can be passed carefully
  • · Direct only construction vehicles

Flaggers wear bright vests and use red flags or signs. Failing to follow their direction — or a sign's or officer's — is illegal.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 6 · Flaggers, p. 54

43 · SAFE DRIVING

If your rear window is covered by something non-transparent, your vehicle must have:

  • Side mirrors on BOTH sides giving a rearview of at least 200 feet
  • · A backup camera
  • · A convex mirror inside
  • · Nothing extra

Blocked rear window = side mirrors on both sides with 200 feet of rearview. Check brakes, lights, tires, and glass regularly too.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Inspect Your Vehicle, p. 59

44 · SAFE DRIVING

The FIRST step before backing up is:

  • Checking behind the vehicle BEFORE you get in — children and small objects are invisible from the driver's seat
  • · Honking three times
  • · Rolling down the windows
  • · Turning on hazards

Walk-around first. Then right arm over the seat back, turn and look directly through the rear window — don't rely on mirrors or cameras alone; they miss small children and animals.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Backing Up, p. 59

45 · SAFE DRIVING

Blind spots are areas you can't see in your mirrors, located:

  • Near the left and right REAR corners of your vehicle
  • · Directly ahead
  • · Only behind trucks
  • · In front of the hood

Check them by turning your head before lane changes, passing, and turns — and don't linger in other drivers' blind spots; move forward or drop back.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Blind Spots, p. 60

46 · BRAKING

At 50 mph on dry pavement, your total stopping distance is at least:

  • 268 feet — nearly a football field
  • · 50 feet
  • · 120 feet
  • · 500 feet

Perception (~55 ft) + reaction (~55 ft) + braking (~158 ft) = 268 feet minimum at 50 mph. Doubling speed quadruples braking distance and impact force.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Braking Distance, p. 60

47 · BRAKING

Doubling your speed makes your braking distance and impact force:

  • Four times greater
  • · Twice as great
  • · Nine times greater
  • · Unchanged

Double the speed = 4× the braking distance and impact. Triple = 9×. Quadruple = 16×. Speed is geometry, not arithmetic.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Braking Distance, p. 60

48 · FOLLOWING DISTANCE

Florida's recommended minimum following distance in good conditions is:

  • Four seconds
  • · Two seconds
  • · One car length
  • · Ten seconds

Count four seconds from when the car ahead passes a fixed marker. Increase it in rain, low visibility, when being passed, towing, or stopped on an incline behind another vehicle.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Following Distances, p. 61

49 · FOLLOWING DISTANCE

It's against the law to follow a responding fire truck closer than:

  • 500 feet
  • · 300 feet
  • · 100 feet
  • · 1,000 feet

Stay 500+ feet behind fire trucks on emergency calls. Give extra room to motorcycles, vehicles that must stop at rail crossings (buses, hazmat trucks), and drivers who can't see you behind them.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · When Following, p. 62

50 · FOLLOWING DISTANCE

Outside cities, a truck (or vehicle towing another) must not follow within ___ of another truck:

  • 300 feet
  • · 100 feet
  • · 50 feet
  • · 500 feet

The 300-foot truck-spacing law applies outside towns and doesn't restrict overtaking and passing.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Following Distance for Trucks, p. 62

51 · RIGHT-OF-WAY

At a two-way stop, a turning vehicle yields to:

  • The vehicle going straight
  • · The vehicle on the left
  • · Whoever honks first
  • · No one

Straight-through traffic wins at a two-way stop. At any intersection: first to arrive goes first; simultaneous arrivals yield to the right — and always look right before turning right.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Intersections, p. 62

52 · RIGHT-OF-WAY

Entering a road from a driveway or alley, you must yield to:

  • Vehicles on the main road AND pedestrians/bicyclists on the sidewalk or in bike lanes
  • · Only vehicles
  • · Only traffic from the left
  • · No one if you signal

Driveway traffic yields to everyone: road traffic, sidewalk pedestrians, and bike-lane bicyclists.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Driveways, p. 62

53 · RIGHT-OF-WAY

At an open intersection (no signs or signals), you must yield when:

  • A vehicle's already in it, you're entering a state highway from a secondary road, entering paved from unpaved, or turning left with oncoming traffic
  • · You arrive first
  • · You're on the bigger road
  • · Never — open means open

Four yield triggers at open intersections: occupied intersection, secondary-to-state-highway, unpaved-to-paved, and left turns facing oncoming traffic.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Open Intersections, p. 62

54 · RIGHT-OF-WAY

In a roundabout, traffic travels ___ and entering drivers ___:

  • Counter-clockwise / yield to circulating traffic
  • · Clockwise / have the right-of-way
  • · Either direction / stop first
  • · Counter-clockwise / must stop even when empty

One-way, counter-clockwise; entering yields. Empty roundabout? Enter without yielding. Don't change lanes, don't stop inside, and signal before exiting.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Roundabouts, p. 63

55 · RIGHT-OF-WAY

In a multi-lane roundabout, to turn LEFT or make a U-turn, enter from:

  • The left lane
  • · The right lane
  • · Either lane
  • · The shoulder

Left lane for left/straight/U-turn; right lane for right/straight. Yield to pedestrians in crosswalks before entering and after exiting — and bicyclists may take the full lane inside.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Multi-Lane Roundabouts, p. 63

56 · HIGHWAY DRIVING

Which of these is PROHIBITED on limited-access highways?

  • Pedestrians, hitchhikers, bicycles, animal-drawn vehicles, and scooters 150cc or less
  • · Motorcycles over 150cc
  • · Vehicles towing trailers
  • · Buses

Expressways exclude pedestrians, bikes, animal-drawn vehicles, and small-displacement scooters — they can't safely mix with high-speed traffic.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Limited Access Highways, p. 63

57 · HIGHWAY DRIVING

In the acceleration lane of an expressway entrance, you should:

  • Increase speed to match traffic and merge when safe — highway traffic has the right-of-way
  • · Stop and wait for a gap
  • · Merge at 25 mph for safety
  • · Drive to the very end and stop

Signal on the ramp, build speed in the acceleration lane, and merge into a safe gap. Don't stop unless traffic leaves you truly no room.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Entering Limited Access Highways, p. 63

58 · HIGHWAY DRIVING

If you drive past your expressway exit, you must:

  • Go on to the next exit — never back up on the highway or a ramp
  • · Reverse carefully on the shoulder
  • · U-turn through the median
  • · Stop and wait for help

Missed exits cost a few minutes; backing up costs lives. The ONLY time to back up on a ramp: a WRONG WAY / DO NOT ENTER sign or red reflectors tell you you're entering against traffic.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Leaving Limited Access Highways, p. 64

59 · HIGHWAY DRIVING

When exiting an expressway, slow down:

  • In the deceleration lane, checking the posted exit ramp speed
  • · In the travel lane before the exit
  • · Only on the ramp curve
  • · No slowing is needed

Signal, enter the exit lane (usually on the right), then decelerate in the deceleration lane to the posted ramp speed.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Leaving Limited Access Highways, p. 64

60 · HIGHWAY DRIVING

Driving across or parking on an expressway median is:

  • Never allowed
  • · Fine in emergencies
  • · Allowed for U-turns
  • · Allowed at night

Never cross or park on the median. Breakdowns must be moved completely off the pavement — and no vehicle may sit there more than six hours.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Safety Reminders, p. 64

61 · SHARING THE ROAD

On a multi-lane road, Florida's Move Over Law requires you to:

  • Vacate the lane closest to a stopped emergency, utility, sanitation, or tow vehicle — or slow to 20 mph below the limit if you can't
  • · Just tap your brakes
  • · Stop behind the stopped vehicle
  • · Flash your lights and continue

Move over a lane when you safely can; otherwise slow to 20 mph below the posted limit — and to 5 mph if the limit is 20 or less. Disabled vehicles with hazards on count too.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Move Over Law, p. 65

62 · SHARING THE ROAD

On a TWO-lane road, passing a stopped emergency vehicle requires slowing to:

  • 20 mph below the posted limit — or 5 mph if the limit is 20 or less
  • · Half the posted limit
  • · 25 mph flat
  • · A complete stop

No second lane to move into? Then it's 20 below the limit (5 mph in a 20-or-under zone) while you pass.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Move Over Law, p. 65

63 · PARKING

When parallel parked, your right-hand wheels must be within ___ of the curb:

  • 12 inches
  • · 18 inches
  • · 24 inches
  • · 6 inches

Within 12 inches, parallel to the curb, facing the direction of traffic — and Florida law requires taking your keys before leaving the vehicle.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Parking, p. 65

64 · PARKING

With a MANUAL transmission, parking downhill you should leave the car in:

  • Reverse (and First gear when uphill)
  • · Neutral
  • · Any gear
  • · Fifth

Manual: Reverse downhill, First uphill; automatic: Park. Turn wheels so a rolling car leaves traffic or meets the curb, set the parking brake, turn the vehicle off.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Parking on Hills, p. 65

65 · PARKING

It is illegal to park within ___ of a fire hydrant and within ___ of an intersection:

  • 15 feet / 20 feet
  • · 10 feet / 25 feet
  • · 5 feet / 10 feet
  • · 20 feet / 50 feet

15 feet from hydrants; 20 feet from intersections and from fire/ambulance/rescue station entrances; 30 feet from flashing signals, stop signs, or traffic signals; 50 feet from railroad crossings.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · It's Against the Law to Park, p. 66

66 · PARKING

You may not park within ___ of a railroad crossing:

  • 50 feet
  • · 15 feet
  • · 100 feet
  • · 25 feet

50 feet from rail crossings; 30 feet from a rural mailbox on a state highway between 8 a.m. and 6 p.m.; and never on crosswalks, sidewalks, bridges, or in bike lanes.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · It's Against the Law to Park, p. 66

67 · PARKING

Using someone else's disabled parking permit can bring:

  • A second-degree misdemeanor — up to a $500 fine and 6 months in jail, plus towing
  • · A $25 fee
  • · Only a warning
  • · Loss of one point

Disabled permits are for the permit holder's transport only — misuse means a misdemeanor, towing, and possible permit confiscation.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 3 · Disabled Parking Permit Violations, p. 25

68 · PASSING

Before returning to your lane after passing, wait until:

  • You can see the passed vehicle's tires in your rear-view mirror
  • · You've counted two seconds
  • · The other driver waves
  • · You're 500 feet ahead

Tires-in-mirror is the distance check. You must also be back in your lane before coming within 200 feet of oncoming traffic — and never exceed the limit to pass.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Passing, p. 67

69 · PASSING

Passing is prohibited on hills or curves where you can't see at least:

  • 500 feet ahead
  • · 100 feet ahead
  • · 1,000 feet ahead
  • · One mile ahead

Need 500 feet of visibility on hills and curves — and no passing within 100 feet of intersections, bridges, viaducts, tunnels, or railroad crossings.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · You Must Not Pass, p. 67

70 · PASSING

To alert a driver you're about to pass, Florida suggests:

  • A light horn tap by day, or flashing your headlights at night
  • · Prolonged honking
  • · Tailgating first
  • · Nothing — surprise them

Tap the horn (day) or flash headlights (night), signal, check blind spots, pass one vehicle at a time, and never exceed the speed limit doing it.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Passing, p. 67

71 · PASSING

When another vehicle passes you, Florida law requires you to:

  • Not increase your speed — and move out of the left lane when overtaken by faster traffic
  • · Speed up slightly
  • · Brake to help them
  • · Move onto the shoulder

Hold or ease your speed, keep right in your lane — and Florida law specifically requires leaving the left lane when a faster vehicle overtakes you.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Being Passed, p. 67

72 · PASSING

Passing on the right is legal only when:

  • There are two or more lanes in your direction, or the vehicle ahead is turning left
  • · The shoulder is wide
  • · You're in a hurry
  • · Never in Florida

Multi-lane same direction, or a left-turning vehicle ahead — and never by leaving the pavement.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Passing on the Right, p. 67

73 · SPEED LIMITS

Florida's standard speed limits are:

  • 20 school zones / 30 municipal areas / 55 streets and highways / 70 limited access
  • · 15 / 25 / 65 / 75
  • · 25 / 35 / 60 / 80
  • · 20 / 40 / 55 / 65

School zones 20; municipal/business/residential 30; streets and highways 55; limited access highways 70 — always subject to posted signs.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Florida Standard Speed Limits, p. 68

74 · SPEED LIMITS

On a highway posted at 70 mph, the MINIMUM speed is:

  • 50 mph
  • · 40 mph
  • · 60 mph
  • · There is no minimum

Driving too slowly is illegal too — on 70-mph highways the minimum is 50. Blocking normal traffic flow can be cited.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Speed Limits, p. 68

75 · LANES AND TURNS

On a two-lane highway, you must drive:

  • In the right lane except when overtaking and passing
  • · In whichever lane is smoother
  • · On the shoulder when slow
  • · In the center

Right lane except to pass. On 4+ lane two-way roads, keep to the right lanes except when overtaking. The center lane of a three- or five-lane road is for left turns only.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Traffic Lanes, p. 68

76 · LANES AND TURNS

HOV lanes on some Florida highways are reserved for:

  • Vehicles carrying at least the posted number of occupants (usually two or more)
  • · Any vehicle paying a toll
  • · Motorcycles only
  • · Trucks

Follow the posted occupancy and toll requirements, and enter or exit only at designated points across the striped buffer. (Florida's hybrid/low-emission HOV decal program ended July 1, 2025.)

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · HOV Lanes, p. 69

77 · LANES AND TURNS

You must signal at least ___ before making your turn:

  • 100 feet
  • · 50 feet
  • · 300 feet
  • · 10 feet

Signal the last 100 feet before turning — and signals are required for every lane change and overtake too. Using signals to wave others past is illegal.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Turning, p. 69

78 · ROAD TEST SKILLS

Hand signals must be given from:

  • The LEFT side of the vehicle — arm straight out = left, up = right, down = slow or stop
  • · Either window
  • · The right side
  • · The sunroof

Left window only: straight out = left turn, up = right turn, down = slow/stop. (Bicyclists may extend the right arm horizontally for a right turn.)

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Turning, p. 69

79 · LANES AND TURNS

A finished LEFT turn may end:

  • In any lane lawfully available and safe for your direction
  • · Only in the far-left lane
  • · Only in the right lane
  • · On the shoulder

Right turns end in the right lane; left turns may complete in any lawful, safe lane for your direction. Yield to bicyclists in bike lanes crossing your turn.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Turning, p. 70

80 · ROAD TEST SKILLS

Use a three-point turn only when:

  • The road is too narrow for a U-turn and you can't go around the block
  • · You're in a hurry
  • · On a highway
  • · On any curve or hill

Three-point turns are the last resort — and never on curves, hills, highways, or where U-turns are prohibited.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Three-Point Turns, p. 70

81 · SPECIAL SITUATIONS

If a collision with an animal is unavoidable, you should:

  • NOT swerve — keep your vehicle under control and on the roadway
  • · Swerve into the oncoming lane
  • · Swerve off the road
  • · Close your eyes and brake

Swerving into oncoming traffic or off the road usually ends worse than the animal strike. With no one close behind, brake hard without locking the wheels. Report large-animal crashes to law enforcement.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 8 · Animals, p. 71

82 · SPECIAL SITUATIONS

Animals are most active on roadways at:

  • Dawn and dusk
  • · Noon
  • · Midnight only
  • · Mid-morning

Dawn and dusk are peak animal hours — and deer/vehicle crashes peak October through December. Watch for headlight reflections in animal eyes near woods and water.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 8 · Animals, p. 71

83 · POOR CONDITIONS

In fog, smoke, or heavy rain, drive with:

  • LOW beam headlights — high beams reflect back and make it worse
  • · High beams for power
  • · Parking lights only
  • · Hazard flashers while moving

Low beams, wipers, and defroster; parking lights are never a substitute for headlights. Use the right edge line as a visual guide, and watch for slow or parked vehicles.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 8 · Low Visibility, p. 71

84 · WET WEATHER

When you turn on your windshield wipers, Florida law says you must also turn on:

  • Your headlights
  • · Your hazard lights
  • · Your high beams
  • · Your interior lights

Wipers on = headlights on. Roads are slickest when rain first hits after a dry spell, lifting built-up oil.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 8 · Rain, p. 72

85 · WET WEATHER

If you come to a flooded roadway, you should:

  • Turn around and find another route — never attempt to drive through
  • · Cross slowly in low gear
  • · Follow a truck through
  • · Test the depth with your bumper

You can't judge depth or current — vehicles get submerged or swept away. Turn around; don't drown.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 8 · Rain, p. 72

86 · NIGHT DRIVING

Florida law prohibits high beams within ___ of an oncoming vehicle and within ___ of a vehicle you're following:

  • 500 feet / 300 feet
  • · 300 feet / 500 feet
  • · 1,000 feet / 200 feet
  • · 200 feet / 100 feet

Dim 500 feet from oncoming traffic, 300 feet when following. Headlights are required from sunset to sunrise — and parking lights alone never substitute.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 8 · Night Driving, p. 73

87 · NIGHT DRIVING

"Over-driving your lights" at night means:

  • Driving so fast you can't stop within the distance your headlights show
  • · Leaving high beams on
  • · Using fog lights on dry nights
  • · Flashing your lights at other drivers

High beams reveal about 450 feet; if your stopping distance exceeds what you can see, you're over-driving your lights. Slow down at night.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 8 · Night Driving, p. 73

88 · NIGHT DRIVING

Parking on a roadway or shoulder at night outside cities requires:

  • Turning on your parking lights
  • · Leaving headlights on high
  • · No lights to save battery
  • · Hazards plus high beams

Parking lights on when parked on a roadway or shoulder at night outside cities and towns — driving with only parking lights, though, is illegal.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 8 · Night Driving, p. 73

89 · SAFE DRIVING

If a crash becomes unavoidable, the handbook says it's better to:

  • Swerve off the road than into oncoming traffic — and hit something soft or stationary rather than a moving vehicle
  • · Hit whatever is closest
  • · Always steer left
  • · Lock the brakes and hope

The hierarchy: off the road beats oncoming traffic; driving off beats skidding off; stationary beats moving; same-direction beats head-on; a hedge beats a tree.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 9 · Defensive Driving, p. 75

90 · POLICE STOPS

When you see emergency lights behind you during a stop, you should:

  • Signal, pull off or to the side as soon as safe, turn off the engine and audio, and stay in the vehicle
  • · Stop instantly in your lane
  • · Speed to a police station
  • · Get out and walk back

Pull over safely, engine and audio off, stay inside unless directed, hands visible on the wheel — and interior lights on at night. Tinted windows? Roll them all down.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 9 · Interacting with Law Enforcement, p. 75

91 · POLICE STOPS

If you have a weapon in the vehicle when stopped, you should:

  • Tell the officer upon first contact
  • · Keep it secret
  • · Hand it out the window
  • · Exit the vehicle with it

Declare any weapon at first contact, lower the corresponding window, and wait for instructions before reaching for documents.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 9 · Interacting with Law Enforcement, p. 76

92 · POLICE STOPS

Signing a traffic ticket in Florida:

  • Is not an admission of guilt — but refusing to sign may result in arrest
  • · Means you plead guilty
  • · Is optional with no consequences
  • · Waives your court rights

Your signature just acknowledges receipt. Refusing can get you arrested; disagreement belongs in court, not the roadside.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 9 · Interacting with Law Enforcement, p. 76

93 · CRASHES

After a crash with death, injury, or property damage, your legal duties include:

  • Stopping, calling 911, getting help for the injured, and exchanging driver/vehicle/insurance information
  • · Only calling your insurer
  • · Leaving if it wasn't your fault
  • · Moving the injured to the sidewalk

Stop, call 911 or *FHP (*347), render aid, exchange information, and photograph the scene. A minor crash blocking traffic must be moved.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 9 · Your Responsibilities After a Crash, p. 77

94 · CRASHES

Leaving the scene of a crash that caused a DEATH is:

  • A first-degree felony with a minimum 4-year prison term
  • · A misdemeanor
  • · A $500 fine
  • · A 6-point violation

Hit-and-run: death = 1st-degree felony (4-year minimum prison); serious injury = 2nd-degree felony; injury = 3rd-degree felony — all with at least 3 years of license revocation.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 9 · Stay at the Scene, p. 77

95 · CRASHES

A crash with vehicle damage but no law-enforcement report requires you to file a written report to FLHSMV within:

  • 10 days
  • · 24 hours
  • · 30 days
  • · No report needed

Self-report within 10 days (available at flhsmv.gov) when no officer files one. Officers file reports for DUI, death, injury, or tow-away damage.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 9 · Your Responsibilities After a Crash, p. 77

96 · CRASHES

If you hit an unattended vehicle and can't find the owner, you must:

  • Leave a note with your name, contact info, and license plate — and notify law enforcement
  • · Wait one hour, then go
  • · Nothing if damage is minor
  • · Take a photo and leave

Attempt to find the owner; failing that, a secured note plus notifying law enforcement keeps it from becoming a hit-and-run.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 9 · Your Responsibilities After a Crash, p. 77

97 · CRASHES

At a crash scene, an injured person with a possible neck or spinal injury should be:

  • Left unmoved — and never remove an injured motorcyclist's helmet
  • · Moved to the shoulder
  • · Sat upright
  • · Given water

Don't move someone with possible spinal injury, and never pull off a downed rider's helmet. Call 911 yourself — don't assume someone else has.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 9 · First Aid, p. 77

98 · CRASHES

To treat a crash victim for shock:

  • Keep them calm, lying flat with legs elevated, covered for warmth — and give them nothing to drink
  • · Give them coffee
  • · Walk them around
  • · Sit them in your car

Calm, flat, legs up, warm, airway open, nothing to drink — treat for shock whether or not they seem to be in it.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 9 · Treat For Shock, p. 78

99 · SAFE DRIVING

To avoid being rear-ended, the handbook recommends:

  • Working brake lights, signaling early, avoiding sudden stops, and driving with the flow within the limit
  • · Driving well below every limit
  • · Frequent brake taps
  • · Hazards on in traffic

Clean working brake lights, early signals, gradual slowing, and matching traffic flow (legally) protect your rear bumper. Driving too slowly can be dangerous.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 9 · Avoiding Rear-End Collisions, p. 78

100 · BREAKDOWNS

If your vehicle breaks down, get all four wheels out of traffic lanes and try to park where it can be seen for:

  • 200 feet in each direction
  • · 50 feet
  • · 500 feet
  • · A mile

Wheels out of the lanes, visible 200 feet each way, hazards on, passengers out on the side AWAY from traffic, and call *FHP (*347).

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 9 · Breakdowns/Disabled Vehicles, p. 78

101 · EMERGENCIES

If your car catches fire, NEVER:

  • Apply water to a gasoline or diesel fire
  • · Exit the vehicle
  • · Call 911
  • · Use an extinguisher on a small fire

Water spreads fuel fires. Exit, call 911, use an extinguisher only on a small fire — otherwise get well away; fumes are toxic and explosion is possible.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 9 · Fire, p. 79

102 · EMERGENCIES

If your gas pedal jams, you should shift to neutral and:

  • NOT shut off the engine — you'd lose the ability to steer
  • · Turn the key off immediately
  • · Pump the accelerator
  • · Pull the parking brake hard

Foot off the pedal, clutch or neutral, brake steadily — but keep the engine running until you're slowing safely; shutting it off kills your power steering.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 9 · Jammed Gas Pedal, p. 79

103 · EMERGENCIES

"Overcorrection" — steering too sharply to recover from a mistake — commonly causes:

  • Rollover crashes or veering into oncoming traffic
  • · Nothing serious
  • · Better control
  • · Flat tires

If you drift off the roadway: stay calm, hold the wheel firmly, ease off the gas WITHOUT slamming brakes, and steer gently where you want to go.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 9 · Overcorrection, p. 79

104 · EMERGENCIES

Your right wheels drop off the pavement edge. You should:

  • Ease off the gas, hold the wheel and steer straight, brake lightly, and return only when the road is clear — at slow speed
  • · Yank the wheel back immediately
  • · Brake as hard as possible
  • · Accelerate back onto the road

Straight and steady first; snapping back onto the pavement at speed is how rollovers start. Signal your return.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 9 · Right Wheels Off Pavement, p. 79

105 · EMERGENCIES

In a skid or hydroplane, you should:

  • Take your foot off the gas, avoid braking if possible, and steer in the direction you want to go
  • · Brake hard immediately
  • · Steer opposite the skid
  • · Accelerate through it

Off the gas, no brakes if possible, front tires pointed where you want to go (into the skid). Low pressure, bad tread, and speed all raise hydroplane risk.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 9 · Skidding/Hydroplaning, p. 79

106 · EMERGENCIES

If your car crashes into water, it will float only 30–60 seconds. You should:

  • Unbuckle, roll the window down before the car sinks, and get out — do NOT call 911 until you're out
  • · Call 911 first from inside
  • · Open the door immediately
  • · Wait for the car to settle

Seconds matter: belt off, window down (or kick out a side window; opening the door floods the car instantly), get out, THEN call for help. Escape tools that break windows help — keep one in reach.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 9 · Submerged Vehicle, p. 80

107 · EMERGENCIES

When a tire blows out at speed:

  • Foot off the gas (no brakes), concentrate on steering, slow gradually, brake softly once controlled, and pull fully off the road
  • · Brake immediately and hard
  • · Swerve to the shoulder fast
  • · Accelerate to stabilize

No braking during the blowout itself — steer, let speed bleed off, then brake gently when the car is under control.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 9 · Tire Blowout, p. 80

108 · EMERGENCIES

A vehicle is coming at you head-on in YOUR lane. The handbook says:

  • Sound your horn, flash your high beams, brake hard, and steer to the SIDE of the road
  • · Swerve into their lane
  • · Close your eyes and brake
  • · Speed up past them

Horn and lights to wake them, hard braking, and escape toward the roadside — never swerve left into the lane they might return to.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 9 · Vehicle Approaching in Your Lane, p. 80

109 · WET WEATHER

After driving through deep water, dry your brakes by:

  • Testing them lightly, then driving slowly in low gear while applying the brakes gently
  • · Braking hard once
  • · Ignoring them
  • · Pulling the parking brake at speed

Wet brakes pull to one side or fail entirely — test lightly and dry them with gentle pressure at low speed.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 9 · Wet Brakes, p. 80

110 · BICYCLISTS

In Florida, a bicycle is legally:

  • A vehicle — with all the rights and duties of a motor vehicle operator (except on limited-access highways)
  • · A toy
  • · A pedestrian device
  • · Only legal on sidewalks

Bikes are vehicles: same rights, same duties. They may leave the bike lane for narrow lanes, obstacles, or left turns — and may take the full lane when it's too narrow to share.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 10 · Bicyclists, p. 81

111 · BICYCLISTS

Florida law requires passing a bicyclist with a minimum clearance of:

  • Three feet
  • · Two feet
  • · Six feet
  • · One car width

Three feet minimum, with caution and reduced speed. On a two-lane road, treat them like any slow-moving vehicle and pass only when safe.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 10 · Rules for Motorists, p. 81

112 · BICYCLISTS

At intersections, assume a bicyclist is:

  • Traveling straight unless they signal otherwise — and yield to them as you would any vehicle
  • · Always turning right
  • · Yielding to you
  • · Going to stop

Assume straight travel, yield accordingly, don't follow closely, skip the high beams at night, check for riders before opening doors, and don't honk near them.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 10 · Rules for Motorists, p. 81

113 · BICYCLISTS

Bicyclists and passengers under age ___ must wear federal-standard helmets:

  • 16
  • · 18
  • · 12
  • · 21

Under 16 = helmet required. Bikes need brakes that stop within 25 feet from 10 mph, and at night a white front light visible 500 feet plus red rear reflector and light visible 600 feet.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 10 · Rules for Bicyclists, p. 82

114 · BICYCLISTS

Bicyclists riding together on a roadway may ride at most:

  • Two abreast — single file when impeding traffic
  • · Four abreast anywhere
  • · Single file always
  • · However they like

Two side-by-side maximum (unless on a bike path), single file when holding up traffic — and never attached to another vehicle or wearing headphones in both ears.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 10 · Rules for Bicyclists, p. 82

115 · SHARING THE ROAD

The "No Zone" around a commercial truck refers to:

  • Its large blind spots — front, behind, and on both sides
  • · Its cargo area
  • · The 100 feet ahead of it
  • · Weigh station zones

Stay out of the No Zones: if you can't see the driver in the truck's mirror, they can't see you. Never tailgate one — you vanish into the rear blind spot.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 10 · Commercial Motor Vehicles, p. 82

116 · SHARING THE ROAD

When passing a large truck, complete the pass:

  • As quickly as safely possible — don't linger in its blind spot, and don't cut back until you see its cab in your mirror
  • · Very slowly for safety
  • · On its right side
  • · On a downgrade

Pass on the left, keep moving, and don't cut in early — trucks can't stop like cars. Avoid passing on downgrades where they pick up speed.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 10 · Passing Commercial Vehicles, p. 84

117 · SHARING THE ROAD

Stopped behind a truck on an upgrade, you should:

  • Leave space and stay left in your lane so the driver can see you — trucks drift back when starting
  • · Pull tight to its bumper
  • · Honk to hurry it
  • · Pass on the shoulder

Trucks roll back on hills. Space plus left positioning keeps you visible and out of the drift path.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 10 · Rules for Motorists, p. 82

118 · SHARING THE ROAD

When a funeral procession's lead vehicle enters an intersection:

  • The rest may follow through regardless of the signal — yield and don't drive between them
  • · Each car obeys its own light
  • · The procession must stop at each light
  • · Only the hearse may proceed

Once the lead crosses legally, the procession follows — headlights or hazards on. Motorists, bicyclists, and pedestrians yield and never thread through the line.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 10 · Funeral Processions, p. 84

119 · SHARING THE ROAD

Golf carts may be driven on public roads:

  • Only where designated by signs — and drivers under 18 need a learner's license or license
  • · Anywhere under 35 mph
  • · On any residential street
  • · Never

Designated roads only, sunrise-to-sunset unless the local government allows more (with night equipment). Under-18 drivers need at least a learner's license; 18+ need photo ID. You may cross roads posted 45 or less at controlled intersections.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 10 · Golf Carts, p. 85

120 · SHARING THE ROAD

Low-speed vehicles (top speed 21–25 mph) may operate only on streets posted:

  • 35 mph or less
  • · 45 mph or less
  • · 55 mph or less
  • · Any speed

LSVs stay on 35-or-under streets and must be registered, insured, and equipped with headlamps, signals, mirrors, seat belts, and a windshield. A valid license is required — and child car seats should NOT be used in them.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 10 · Low-Speed Vehicles, p. 85

121 · SHARING THE ROAD

Sharing a lane with a motorcycle is:

  • Not allowed — the motorcyclist is entitled to the entire lane
  • · Fine if the lane is wide
  • · Allowed under 30 mph
  • · Allowed if they wave

Full lane, no sharing. Keep more than a four-second buffer behind riders, and assume they're closer than they appear — bikes are hard to judge.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 10 · Rules for Motorists, p. 85

122 · SHARING THE ROAD

Motorcycle operators under 21 (or without $10,000 medical coverage) must:

  • Wear a helmet
  • · Ride only by day
  • · Stay off highways
  • · Carry a passenger

Helmets are required unless the rider is 21+ AND carries at least $10,000 in medical benefits coverage. Riders also complete an approved safety course for the endorsement.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 10 · Rules for Motorcycle Riders, p. 87

123 · SHARING THE ROAD

Motorcyclists often slow down by rolling off the throttle, which means:

  • No brake light shows — allow extra following distance and expect slowing without warning
  • · They're always about to stop
  • · Their brakes have failed
  • · They want you to pass

Downshifting and throttle roll-off don't trigger the brake light — one more reason for the four-plus-second buffer behind riders.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 10 · Rules for Motorists, p. 87

124 · PEDESTRIAN RULES

A vehicle approaching from behind another that's stopped at a crosswalk must:

  • Assume a pedestrian may be crossing and not overtake or pass
  • · Pass carefully on the left
  • · Honk before passing
  • · Pass on the right

Never pass a vehicle stopped at a crosswalk — assume someone is crossing that you can't see, even when no one is visible.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 10 · Rules for Motorists, p. 88

125 · PEDESTRIAN RULES

Extra caution is legally required when approaching a pedestrian who:

  • Carries a white cane with a red tip, uses a guide dog, or uses mobility aids
  • · Wears bright clothing
  • · Walks quickly
  • · Is on the sidewalk

Stop completely, yield, and use extra caution for visually impaired pedestrians (white cane, service animal), mobility-impaired persons, and confused or incapacitated pedestrians — and for children, always.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 10 · Rules for Motorists, p. 88

126 · PEDESTRIAN RULES

Where there's no sidewalk, pedestrians must walk:

  • On the LEFT shoulder, facing traffic
  • · With traffic on the right
  • · Down the middle
  • · Wherever it's shortest

Face traffic on the left shoulder; use sidewalks when available; cross at intersections or crosswalks — and never step out from between parked cars.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 10 · Rules for Pedestrians, p. 88

127 · SHARING THE ROAD

When a public transit bus signals to re-enter traffic from a designated pullout bay:

  • Drivers must yield the right-of-way to the bus
  • · The bus yields to all traffic
  • · Only trucks must yield
  • · Nobody yields

Florida law: yield to buses signaling out of designated pullout bays when traveling in your direction.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 10 · Public Transit, p. 88

128 · SCHOOL BUSES

On a two-way street, when a school bus shows its stop signal:

  • ALL drivers, in BOTH directions, must stop and stay stopped until the signal is withdrawn and children are clear
  • · Only traffic behind the bus stops
  • · Traffic slows to 10 mph
  • · Only oncoming traffic stops

Both directions stop on two-way streets AND on multi-lane roads paved across. The signal withdrawn plus children clear = you may go.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 10 · School Buses, p. 89

129 · SCHOOL BUSES

You do NOT have to stop for an oncoming school bus only when:

  • The highway is divided by a raised barrier or an unpaved median at least FIVE feet wide
  • · There's a painted line between you
  • · You're running late
  • · The bus is on a side street

Only a raised barrier or 5-foot-plus unpaved median exempts opposite-direction traffic — painted lines and pavement markings are NOT barriers. Same-direction traffic always stops.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 10 · School Buses, p. 89

130 · SCHOOL BUSES

When children or school crossing guards are in a crosswalk, you must:

  • Yield and stop AT the stop line — not in the crosswalk
  • · Slow and roll through
  • · Stop only if children are close
  • · Honk to clear the way

Guards are first in and last out of every crossing — stop at the line and wait until the crosswalk is fully clear.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 10 · School Crossings, p. 89

131 · SHARING THE ROAD

An orange-red triangle on the rear of a vehicle marks:

  • A farm or slow-moving vehicle designed for under 25 mph
  • · A student driver
  • · Hazardous cargo
  • · An oversize load

The slow-moving-vehicle emblem = 25 mph or less — daylight operation only unless properly equipped with lights for night.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 10 · Slow Moving Vehicles, p. 89

132 · TESTING PROCESS

Applicants under 18 may take the Class E Knowledge Exam:

  • Online, with a parent or guardian attesting they're not helping
  • · Only at a tax collector's office
  • · Only through a private driving school
  • · By mail

Under-18 applicants can test online with parental supervision attested; adults test in person (or through authorized providers).

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 2 · Class E Knowledge Exam, p. 20

133 · DUI LAWS

Open containers of alcohol in a moving vehicle are:

  • Illegal for the driver AND passengers
  • · Legal for passengers only
  • · Legal if under 21 isn't present
  • · Legal in the front seat only

Florida bans open alcoholic beverage containers in the vehicle for everyone — driver and passengers.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 3 · Open Containers, p. 27

134 · DUI LAWS

A SECOND DUI conviction requires an ignition interlock device for at least:

  • 1 year
  • · 1 month
  • · 10 years
  • · It's optional

Second conviction = interlock at least 1 year; third = at least 2 years. The device won't start the car until a sober breath sample is given.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 3 · Penalties for DUI, p. 26

135 · DUI LAWS

DUI penalties are ENHANCED — higher fines, interlock even on a first conviction — when:

  • Your BAL was .15 or higher, or a minor was in the vehicle
  • · You were driving a red car
  • · It was after midnight
  • · You were on the interstate

Blowing .15+ or carrying a minor passenger escalates every tier of DUI punishment.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 3 · Penalties for DUI, p. 26

136 · DUI LAWS

Before a license can be reinstated after a DUI conviction, the driver must:

  • Complete DUI school (substance abuse education and evaluation)
  • · Wait ten years
  • · Buy a new vehicle
  • · Pass only the vision test

DUI school — education, evaluation, and any recommended treatment — is a condition of getting the license back.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 3 · DUI School, p. 26

137 · DUI LAWS

Which of these contains about the SAME amount of alcohol?

  • A 12-oz beer, a 5-oz glass of wine, and a 1.5-oz shot of 80-proof liquor
  • · A beer has far less than a shot
  • · Wine has double the alcohol of liquor
  • · Light beer contains no alcohol

Standard drinks are equivalent — beer is not the "safe" option. Each affects your BAL the same.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 4 · Drinking & Driving, p. 35

138 · DUI LAWS

The ONLY thing that removes alcohol from your system is:

  • Time
  • · Black coffee
  • · A cold shower
  • · Exercise and fresh air

Your body burns off roughly one drink per hour. Coffee and showers produce a wide-awake impaired driver — nothing more.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 4 · Drinking & Driving, p. 35

139 · DUI LAWS

Your blood alcohol level depends mainly on:

  • How much you drink, how fast, and your body weight
  • · How tired you are
  • · Your driving experience
  • · The brand of drink

Quantity, speed of drinking, and body weight drive BAL — "holding your liquor" doesn't lower the number.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 4 · Drinking & Driving, p. 35

140 · SAFE DRIVING

Florida defines "aggressive careless driving" as committing TWO or more of these at once:

  • Speeding, unsafe lane changes, following too closely, failing to yield, improper passing, or ignoring traffic controls
  • · Honking and waving
  • · Driving a sports car fast
  • · Playing loud music while speeding

Two or more of those six behaviors together = aggressive driving. One aggressive driver is a hazard to everyone around them.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 4 · Aggressive Driving, p. 36

141 · SAFE DRIVING

If you're angry or upset, the handbook says you should:

  • Take time to cool off before driving
  • · Drive fast to blow off steam
  • · Drive anyway — emotions don't matter
  • · Honk more than usual

Strong emotions degrade judgment and attention as surely as fatigue. Cool down first — or let someone else drive.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 4 · Emotions and Driving, p. 36

142 · DISTRACTED DRIVING

Wearing headphones or a headset over both ears while driving is:

  • Illegal — you must be able to hear sirens and horns
  • · Legal at low volume
  • · Legal on highways only
  • · Required for phone calls

Blocking your hearing blocks a whole channel of hazard warnings. Headsets while driving are prohibited.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 4 · Distracted Driving, p. 34

143 · DISTRACTED DRIVING

A TV or video screen positioned so the DRIVER can see it while driving is:

  • Prohibited
  • · Fine if the volume is off
  • · Allowed for navigation only... and movies
  • · Allowed above 55 mph

Screens visible from the driver's seat (other than driving aids like navigation) are banned equipment.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 5 · Equipment NOT Permitted, p. 38

144 · DISTRACTED DRIVING

In an active school zone or work zone, using a handheld phone is:

  • Illegal — devices must be hands-free in these zones
  • · Fine for calls, not texts
  • · Legal when stopped in traffic
  • · Legal with one hand on the wheel

Texting is banned everywhere as a primary offense; in school and work zones, even holding the phone to talk is prohibited.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 4 · Wireless Communications, p. 34

145 · VEHICLE EQUIPMENT

Your vehicle's mirror must give you a view of the highway at least ___ to the rear:

  • 200 feet
  • · 50 feet
  • · 500 feet
  • · 1 mile

A rearview mirror showing at least 200 feet behind you is required equipment.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 5 · Equipment Standards, p. 39

146 · BRAKING

Your vehicle must have TWO independent brake systems, meaning:

  • A foot (service) brake and a parking brake that holds the vehicle
  • · Brakes on front wheels only
  • · Two brake pedals
  • · ABS is legally required

Service brakes to stop, parking brake to hold — both must work.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 5 · Brake Systems, p. 40

147 · REGISTRATION

When you buy or sell a vehicle in Florida, the certificate of title must be:

  • Properly transferred to the new owner before the vehicle is registered
  • · Thrown away
  • · Kept by the previous owner forever
  • · Mailed to the insurance company

The title proves ownership — transfer it at sale, then register the vehicle in the new owner's name.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 5 · Titles, p. 37

148 · NIGHT DRIVING

Headlights are required from:

  • Sunset to sunrise — plus any time visibility is low, such as rain, smoke, or fog
  • · 9 p.m. to 5 a.m. only
  • · Full darkness only
  • · Whenever you feel like it

Sunset to sunrise, and whenever conditions cut visibility — and remember, wipers on means headlights on.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 5 · Headlights, p. 39

149 · WORK ZONES

An orange diamond showing a digging worker means:

  • Workers are on or near the roadway — slow down and stay alert
  • · Road construction is finished
  • · A utility office is nearby
  • · Trucks are entering

Orange = work zone. Where the worker symbol appears, people are feet from your bumper — and fines double.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 6 · Work Zone Signs, p. 50

150 · RIGHT-OF-WAY

When an emergency vehicle approaches with siren and lights, you must:

  • Pull to the closest edge of the roadway and stop until it has passed
  • · Speed up and outrun it
  • · Stop exactly where you are, even mid-intersection
  • · Flash your lights back

Pull right (or to the nearest edge) and stop — but never stop inside an intersection; clear it first, then pull over.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Emergency Vehicles, p. 61

151 · RIGHT-OF-WAY

Turning LEFT at an intersection, you must yield to:

  • Oncoming traffic and pedestrians until it's clear to turn
  • · No one — left turns have priority
  • · Only trucks
  • · Traffic behind you

Left turns cross oncoming traffic; the oncoming vehicles and crossing pedestrians go first.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Right-of-Way, p. 60

152 · LANES AND TURNS

U-turns in Florida are legal:

  • Unless prohibited by a sign — and only when safe, without interfering with other traffic
  • · Never
  • · Only at traffic lights
  • · Anywhere, anytime

No sign banning it + safe gap + no interference = legal U-turn. NO U-TURN signs make it illegal regardless of traffic.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · U-Turns, p. 62

153 · LANES AND TURNS

A proper RIGHT turn begins and ends:

  • As close as practicable to the right curb — right lane into right lane
  • · From the left lane for a wide arc
  • · From any lane
  • · In the bike lane

Hug the right: start in the rightmost lane, finish in the rightmost lane. Wide swings invite drivers to slip inside your turn.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Turns, p. 62

154 · RIGHT-OF-WAY

Even with a green light, do NOT enter an intersection unless:

  • You can get completely across before the light changes
  • · You're turning right
  • · Traffic behind is honking
  • · You're faster than cross traffic

Blocking the box strands you in cross traffic's path. If you can't clear it, wait at the line.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Intersections, p. 60

155 · RIGHT-OF-WAY

At a stop sign with NO stop line and NO crosswalk, stop:

  • Before entering the intersection, at the point nearest where you can see approaching traffic
  • · In the middle of the intersection
  • · 50 feet back
  • · Only if traffic is visible

The order: stop line first, then crosswalk, then — with neither — the edge of the intersection where you can see.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Stopping, p. 60

156 · PARKING

Parking is prohibited within ___ of a STOP sign, traffic signal, or flashing beacon:

  • 30 feet
  • · 10 feet
  • · 50 feet
  • · 100 feet

30 feet keeps sight lines to the control clear. (Hydrant: 15 ft. Intersection: 20 ft. Railroad: 50 ft.)

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Parking, p. 64

157 · PARKING

Which of these is a LEGAL place to park?

  • A marked space in a parking lot
  • · On a sidewalk or crosswalk
  • · On a bridge or in a tunnel
  • · Alongside another parked car (double parking)

Sidewalks, crosswalks, intersections, bridges, tunnels, and double parking are all prohibited — marked spaces are your friend.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Parking, p. 64

158 · PARKING

Parking DOWNHILL with a curb, turn your front wheels:

  • TOWARD the curb — uphill with a curb, turn them AWAY from it
  • · Away from the curb in both cases
  • · Straight ahead always
  • · It makes no difference

Either way, a rolling car hits the curb and stops. No curb? Turn wheels toward the edge of the road in both directions.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Parking on Hills, p. 64

159 · LANES AND TURNS

Turn signals are legally required for:

  • Turns AND lane changes
  • · Turns only
  • · Highway driving only
  • · Only when other cars are near

Signal every turn and every lane change — the law doesn't carve out "when nobody's around," because the car you didn't see is the point.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Signaling, p. 62

160 · RIGHT-OF-WAY

When entering an expressway, the right-of-way belongs to:

  • Traffic already on the expressway — entering drivers yield
  • · The merging vehicle
  • · Whoever is faster
  • · The vehicle on the right

Highway traffic has the road; you match its speed in the acceleration lane and merge into a gap.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Expressway Driving, p. 63

161 · SPEED LIMITS

Driving so slowly that you impede the normal flow of traffic is:

  • Illegal — too slow can be as dangerous as too fast
  • · Always the safest choice
  • · Required in the left lane
  • · Legal anywhere

Blocking normal traffic flow is a violation. Keep pace (within the limit) or keep right.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Speed, p. 63

162 · PASSING

Passing is prohibited when approaching within 100 feet of:

  • An intersection or railroad crossing
  • · A gas station
  • · A parked car
  • · A speed limit sign

No passing within 100 feet of intersections, railroad crossings, or bridges/tunnels where view is obstructed — cross traffic can appear mid-pass.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Where Passing Is Prohibited, p. 59

163 · WORK ZONES

The most common crash in a highway work zone is:

  • The rear-end collision — keep your following distance and avoid sudden stops
  • · Head-on collisions
  • · Rollovers
  • · Animal strikes

Work zones compress traffic into sudden slowdowns. Space ahead of you is the fix.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 8 · Work Zones, p. 71

164 · HIGHWAY DRIVING

"Highway hypnosis" — trance-like drowsiness on long interstate drives — is fought by:

  • Shifting your eyes frequently between mirrors, instruments, and the road, plus regular breaks
  • · Staring at the centerline
  • · Driving faster
  • · Turning off the radio

Monotony lulls; keep your eyes and mind moving, and stop before fatigue makes the decision for you.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 8 · Interstate Driving, p. 72

165 · POOR CONDITIONS

On unpaved or gravel roads, you should:

  • Slow down — traction is reduced and stopping distances grow on loose surfaces
  • · Drive the posted highway speed
  • · Use cruise control
  • · Straddle the center

Loose surfaces slide under braking and turning; rural roads also bring unmarked curves, equipment, and animals.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 8 · Rural Roads, p. 71

166 · SEAT BELTS

You're stopped by an officer and your front-seat passenger, age 16, isn't wearing a seat belt. Who gets the ticket?

  • You, the driver — you're responsible for passengers under 18 being belted
  • · The passenger only
  • · Both of you, always
  • · No one — passengers are exempt

The driver is charged for any unbelted passenger under 18. Passengers 18+ are cited themselves.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 3 · Safety Belts, p. 28

167 · HIGHWAY DRIVING

Stopping in the acceleration lane of an expressway entrance is acceptable:

  • Only when absolutely necessary — normally you use it to match highway speed and merge
  • · Whenever traffic looks heavy
  • · Every time, to check for a gap
  • · Never, even in an emergency

The lane exists to build speed for a moving merge. Stop only if there's truly no gap — a stopped car must then accelerate from zero into highway traffic.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 7 · Expressway Driving, p. 63

168 · POOR CONDITIONS

In fog or smoke that sharply cuts visibility, the handbook says to:

  • Slow down, eliminate distractions, and use the edge and center lines as guides — watching for slow or parked vehicles
  • · Follow the taillights ahead closely
  • · Turn on high beams
  • · Sound your horn continuously

Low beams on, speed down, full attention on the road — let the pavement lines guide your position, and expect slow or stopped vehicles hidden in the murk.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 8 · Low Visibility, p. 71

169 · SEAT BELTS

Florida's safety belt law is a PRIMARY enforcement law, meaning:

  • An officer can stop and ticket you for a belt violation alone
  • · It applies only after another violation
  • · It's just a recommendation
  • · Only passengers get ticketed

No other violation needed — unbelted front-seat occupants or under-18 passengers are reason enough for the stop.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 8 · Safety Belts, p. 66

170 · CHILD SAFETY

The safest place for children age 12 and under is:

  • The BACK seat, properly restrained — away from front air bags
  • · The front passenger seat
  • · A lap in any seat
  • · The cargo area

Front air bags deploy with enough force to injure a child; the back seat keeps them clear of it.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 8 · Air Bags and Children, p. 66

171 · WET WEATHER

Rain makes the road surface especially slick when:

  • It has NOT rained for a while — accumulated oil and grease float on the fresh water
  • · It has rained continuously for days
  • · The temperature is above 90°F
  • · Rain never affects traction

Dry spells let oil and grease build up on the pavement; fresh rain floats that film, so slow down and add following distance in the wet.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 8 · Rain, p. 69

172 · NIGHT DRIVING

When oncoming high beams glare at you, you should:

  • Avoid looking directly at the headlights — use the lane lines as visual guides until the car passes
  • · Stare into the lights
  • · Flash your highs and keep them on
  • · Close your eyes briefly

Don't look into the glare; let the lane lines guide your position. And don't retaliate with your own high beams.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 8 · Night Driving, p. 68

173 · SHARING THE ROAD

To operate a moped on Florida roads, a rider must:

  • Be at least 16 and hold at least a Class E license
  • · Just be able to pedal
  • · Have a motorcycle endorsement
  • · Be 21 or older

Mopeds need a licensed 16+ rider and registration — but no motorcycle endorsement.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 10 · Mopeds, p. 86

174 · SHARING THE ROAD

A "Motorcycle Only" license requires the rider to be 16+, complete the rider course, and:

  • Have held a learner's license for at least a year with NO traffic convictions (if under 18)
  • · Own a motorcycle outright
  • · Pass a car driving test first
  • · Be sponsored by a rider club

Under-18 applicants need the violation-free learner year; all applicants need the Basic RiderCourse.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 10 · Motorcycle Only License, p. 86

175 · SHARING THE ROAD

A motorcyclist ahead of you keeps shifting position within the lane. This most likely means:

  • They're adjusting for potholes, debris, wind, or visibility — expect movement and give room
  • · They're showing off
  • · They're inviting you to share the lane
  • · Their steering is broken

Riders use the whole lane width to dodge hazards you'd drive over and to stay visible. It's normal riding, not an opening for you.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 10 · Rules for Motorists, p. 87

176 · SHARING THE ROAD

A truck ahead signals a RIGHT turn but swings wide to the LEFT first. You should:

  • Stay back — never slip up the right side, because the trailer will sweep across that space
  • · Pass quickly on the right
  • · Honk so it turns properly
  • · Pass on the left shoulder

Long vehicles swing wide to make tight right turns. The gap on the right is a trap that closes.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 10 · Trucks Turning, p. 83

177 · SHARING THE ROAD

A tractor-trailer is backing up to a loading dock across the road. You should:

  • Wait — never cross behind a backing truck; the driver cannot see you
  • · Drive quickly behind it
  • · Walk your bike behind it
  • · Flash lights and proceed

The rear of a backing trailer is a total blind spot. Cutting behind it — driving or walking — is how dock-area crashes happen.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 10 · Backing Trucks, p. 83

178 · SHARING THE ROAD

While a truck is passing you, you should:

  • Keep to the right side of your lane and do NOT speed up
  • · Speed up so it passes faster
  • · Drift left to give it room
  • · Brake hard immediately

Hold your line and your speed — speeding up stretches the pass and keeps the truck in the oncoming lane longer. (A truck driver may flash headlights to tell a motorist who passed them it's safe to merge back.)

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 10 · Passing at Night, p. 84

179 · SHARING THE ROAD

Compared with your car, a loaded tractor-trailer at highway speed needs:

  • Much MORE distance to stop — never cut in front and brake
  • · Less distance (bigger brakes)
  • · About the same distance
  • · No braking distance

Large commercial vehicles cannot stop as quickly as cars. Merging tight in front of one and braking erases the margin the driver needs.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 10 · Commercial Motor Vehicles, p. 83

180 · SHARING THE ROAD

Approaching someone riding a horse on or beside the road, you should:

  • Slow down, give wide clearance, and avoid honking or sudden noises
  • · Honk so they move over
  • · Pass fast and close
  • · Rev the engine

Riders and animal-drawn vehicles share road rights — and a spooked horse endangers everyone near it.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 10 · Animal Riders, p. 89

181 · BICYCLISTS

A bicyclist riding on a SIDEWALK must:

  • Yield to pedestrians and give an audible signal before passing them
  • · Ride against pedestrian flow
  • · Never exceed walking speed
  • · Dismount every block

On sidewalks and crosswalks, cyclists take on pedestrian duties — yield to walkers and announce before passing.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 10 · Rules for Bicyclists, p. 82

182 · BICYCLISTS

A bicyclist preparing to turn LEFT at an intersection may:

  • Merge into the left/turn lane and turn as a vehicle would
  • · Only walk the bike across
  • · Turn left from the right curb
  • · Not turn left at all

Cyclists may take the turn lane like any vehicle — or use the crosswalks as a pedestrian would. Both are legal.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 10 · Rules for Bicyclists, p. 82

183 · BREAKDOWNS

To reach the Florida Highway Patrol for roadside help from a cell phone, dial:

  • *FHP (*347)
  • · 911 for all breakdowns
  • · 0
  • · *55

*FHP (*347) gets FHP assistance for breakdowns and non-injury problems — keep 911 for emergencies.

📖 FL Manual · Ch. 9 · Breakdowns/Disabled Vehicles, p. 78

Sample content — verify against the current FL Driver's Manual before relying on it.